Translations of some Glyphs

LATIN

Hasta - a spear, lance, pike, carried by soldiers and used for thrusting
Arcus - bow
Ascia - axe
Falcis - Genitive singular form of falx (sickle, scythe)
Culter - knife
Scutum - a shield, especially the large oblong wooden shield carried by the Roman infantry
Redire - to return

Weapons first just to get it started. I'll also look into the magical glyphs a bit later. If there's anything wrong then feel free to correct and also to contribute

These are really rough since I didn't really take their forms of speech into consideration.

Secare means to cut or slice.
Confodere means to stab or pierce.
Vol means wish.
Melio means better.
Arcus means arc or bow.
Dominus means lord.
Culter means knife.
Grando means hail or sleet.
Globus means sphere.
Acerbatus means acerbic (harsh, bitter, severe).
Morbus means disease or sickness.
Custos means guard or protector.
Paries means wall or partition.

lots of surprises in this topic

Ignis is fire.
Luminatio is from Illuminare which means to illuminate(light up).
Umbra is shadow
Arma Felix means "Happy Armor", makes sense since kitties = happy fun tiemz.
Arma Chiroptera means "Bat Armor"
Fidelis Noctis means "Loyal Night"
Fidelis Mortus means "Loyal Dead" though it should be "Mortuus".

Felix means cat as well. Also, arma means weapon. So it's Cat weapon.

Just a heads-up: a few of the names seem to come from Ancient Greek. The words are Latin unless noted otherwise.

Fulgur means flash or lightning.
Torpor means numbness or paralysis. In English, it means sluggish inactivity or inertia.
Pneuma means wind, breath, or spirit in Greek. Its English meaning is soul.
Volaticus means winged or flying.
Cubus means mass or quantity.
Fio means to become.
Rapidus means rapid or swift.
Vis means force or power.
Fortis means strong.
Sapiens means wise or judicious. As a noun, it means wise man or sage.
Fides means faith.
Felicem comes from the word felix, meaning happy or lucky.
Inire comes from the word ineo, meaning to enter or go into.
Pecunia means money or wealth.
Fidelis means faithful.
Caries means decay.
Alate means wing.
Noctua means little owl.
Medusa means guardian or protectress in Greek.

Felix does not mean cat. That would be felis.

You're right about arma, though. It does mean weapon.

defensive arms, armor/armour, shields, weapons of war.

It most definitely can mean armor, and it seems to me that it makes more sense when used to mean armor.

Felix means happy, nothing I said was inaccurate, I know my Latin.

Some changes from the Japanese version:

Dominus Odium -> Dominus Hatred
Dominus Ira -> Dominus Anger
Dominus Angor -> Dominus Agony
Circulus -> Magnes
Torpens -> Torpor
Tonitrus (thunder) -> Fulgur (lightning)
Sagitta (arrow) -> Arcus (bow)